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81 Repair and plastic operations on joint structures
81.0 Spinal fusion
Includes: arthrodesis of spine with:
bone graft
internal fixation
Code also any insertion of interbody spinal fusion device (84.51)
any insertion of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein (84.52)
any synchronous excision of (locally) harvested bone for graft (77.70-77.79)
the total number of vertebrae fused (81.62-81.64)
Excludes:
correction of pseudarthrosis of spine (81.30- 81.39)
refusion of spine (81.30 - 81.39)
81.1 Arthrodesis and arthroereisis of foot and ankle
Includes: arthrodesis of foot and ankle with:
bone graft
external fixation device
81.2 Arthrodesis of other joint
Includes: arthrodesis with:
bone graft
external fixation device
excision of bone ends and compression
81.3 Refusion of spine
Includes:
arthrodesis of spine with:
bone graft
internal fixation
correction of pseudarthrosis of spine
Code also any insertion of interbody spinal fusion device (84.51)
any insertion of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein (84.52)
any synchronous excision of (locally) harvested bone for graft (77.70-77.79)
the total number of vertebrae fused (81.62-81.64)
81.4 Other repair of joint of lower extremity
Includes: arthroplasty of lower extremity with:
external traction or fixation
graft of bone (chips) or cartilage
internal fixation device
81.5 Joint replacement of lower extremity
Includes: arthroplasty of lower extremity with:
external traction or fixation
graft of bone (chips) or cartilage
internal fixation device or prosthesis
81.6 Other procedures on spine
Note: Number of vertebrae
The vertebral spine consists of 25 vertebrae in the following order and number:
Cervical: C1 (atlas), C2 (axis), C3, C4, C5, C6, C7
Thoracic or Dorsal: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12
Lumbar and Sacral: L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, S1
 
Coders should report only one code from the series 81.62 or 81.63 or 81.64 to show the total number of vertebrae fused on the patient.
Code also the level and approach of the fusion or refusion (81.00-81.08, 81.30-81.39)
81.7 Arthroplasty and repair of hand, fingers and wrist
Includes: arthroplasty of hand and finger with:
external traction or fixation
graft of bone (chips) or cartilage
internal fixation device or prosthesis
Excludes:
operations on muscle, tendon and fascia of hand (82.01-82.99)
81.8 Arthroplasty and repair of shoulder and elbow
Includes: arthroplasty of upper limb NEC with:
external traction or fixation
graft of bone (chips) or cartilage
internal fixation device or prosthesis
 
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