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5' Flanking Region

5' | Flanking Sequence | Flanking Region, 5' | | 5' | Flanking Regions | 5' | Flanking Sequences | Flanking Regions, 5' | | Flanking Sequence, 5' | | Flanking Sequences, 5' | | Region, 5' | Flanking

The region of DNA which borders the 5' end of a transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located.

3' Flanking Region

3' | Flanking Sequence | Flanking Region, 3' | | 3' | Flanking Regions | 3' | Flanking Sequences | Flanking Regions, 3' | | Flanking Sequence, 3' | | Flanking Sequences, 3' | | Region, 3' | Flanking

The region of DNA which borders the 3' end of a transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located.

DNA, Intergenic

DNA, Junk | DNA, Spacer | Intergenic DNA | Junk DNA | Spacer DNA | Intercistronic Region | Intercistronic Sequence | Intergenic Region | Intergenic Sequence | Sequence, Intergenic | DNAs, Intergenic | DNAs, Junk | DNAs, Spacer | Intercistronic Regions

Any of the DNA in between gene-coding DNA, including untranslated regions, 5' and 3' flanking regions, INTRONS, non-functional pseudogenes, and non-functional repetitive sequences. This DNA may or may not encode regulatory functions.

Immunoglobulin Joining Region

Joining Region, Ig | J(H)1-Peptide | JH1-Peptide | Joining Region | Ig Joining Region | JH1 Peptide | Joining Region, Immunoglobulin

Segment of light and heavy chains of mouse and human immunoglobulins where the genes for the variable region upstream join those of the constant region downstream (an important part of the ANTIBODY DIVERSITY mechanism). In the joining region of the light chain are the genes coding for amino acids 96 to 107.

Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

DNA Repetitious Region | Direct Repeat | Genes, Selfish | Inverted Repeat Sequence | Nucleic Acid Repetitive Sequences | Repetitive Region | Selfish Genes | Repetitious Region, DNA | Repetitive Sequence | DNA Repetitious Regions | Direct Repeats

Nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome. There are several types of repeated sequences. Interspersed (or dispersed) DNA repeats (INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES) are copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome. Flanking (or terminal) repeats (TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES) are sequences that are repeated on both ends of a sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on retroviruses. Direct terminal repeats are in the same direction and inverted terminal repeats are opposite to each other in direction. Tandem repeats (TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES) are repeated copies which lie adjacent to each other. These can also be direct or inverted. The ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA genes belong to the class of middle repetitive DNA.

Complementarity Determining Regions

Hypervariable Regions | Complementarity Determining Region | Complementarity Determining Region 1 | Complementarity Determining Region 2 | Complementarity Determining Region 3 | Complementarity Determining Region I | Hypervariable Region

Three regions (CDR1; CDR2 and CDR3) of amino acid sequence in the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION that are highly divergent. Together the CDRs from the light and heavy immunoglobulin chains form a surface that is complementary to the antigen. These regions are also present in other members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, for example, T-cell receptors (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL).

Immunoglobulin Variable Region

Variable Region, Ig | Variable Region, Immunoglobulin | Framework Region | Immunoglobulin V | Variable Region | Framework Regions | Ig Variable Region | Ig Variable Regions | Immunoglobulin Variable Regions | Immunoglobulin Vs | Regions, Framework

That region of the immunoglobulin (antibody) molecule that varies in its amino acid sequence and composition, confers the antigenic specificity, and is thought to comprise the binding site for the antigen. It is located at the N-terminus of the Fab fragment of the immunoglobulin. It includes hypervariable regions (COMPLEMENTARITY DETERMINING REGIONS) and framework regions.

Immunoglobulin Constant Region

Constant Region | Constant Region, Ig | Constant Region, Immunoglobulin | Ig Constant Region

That region of the immunoglobulin (antibody) molecule that is invariable in its amino acid sequence within any class of immunoglobulins. It confers the biological specificity to the Ig and is grossly species specific. It comprises the C-terminus half of the light chains and three quarters or more of the heavy chains, all of the Fc fragment, and the C-terminus half of the Fab fragment.

Terminal Repeat Sequences

Delta Elements | Flanking Repeat Sequences | Inverted Terminal Repeat | Long Terminal Repeat | R Repetitive Sequence | Terminal Repeat | Delta Element | Element, Delta | Elements, Delta | Flanking Repeat Sequence | Long Terminal Repeats

Nucleotide sequences repeated on both the 5' and 3' ends of a sequence under consideration. For example, the hallmarks of a transposon are that it is flanked by inverted repeats on each end and the inverted repeats are flanked by direct repeats. The Delta element of Ty retrotransposons and LTRs (long terminal repeats) are examples of this concept.

Locus Control Region

Control Region, Locus | Control Regions, Locus | Locus Control Regions | Region, Locus Control | Regions, Locus Control

A regulatory region first identified in the human beta-globin locus but subsequently found in other loci. The region is believed to regulate TRANSCRIPTION by opening and remodeling CHROMATIN structure. It may also have ENHANCER activity.
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